In 1840, a law was enacted that allowed Jews to settle even in the free royal cities of Hungary. In line with these progressive ideas, the Neolog synagogue in Székesfehérvár was built between the spring of 1863 and the autumn of 1864, designed to accommodate 400 people, at 1 Rákóczi Street. The name of the architect is unknown, but it is believed that an Italian master reimagined the Budapest Dohány Street synagogue for the threshold of Fehérvár’s city center. The master builder was Ferenc Szász, and the building was officially inaugurated on September 23, 1864.

In 1944, the temple was hit by a bomb, though its walls remained relatively intact. However, the vast majority of the deported congregation did not return after the Second World War, and the damaged building was demolished in the spring of 1949. Today, a memorial marks the former location of the synagogue.